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Saturday, January 28, 2023

Vocabulary (Similes)

Similes

Similes are the expressions used to compare an ordinary thing with the thing with special features.

Examples :
He is as slow as a tortoise.
She is as busy as a bee.
My friend is as tall as a giraffe.
She looked as bright as the star.
His brother runs as fast as a rabbit.

Vocabulary {Synonyms (Same Words)}

Vocabulary

Synonyms (Same Words)

A synonym is a word that has a same meaning of the base word.

WordSynonym
happyglad
putkeep
beginstart
crysob
quitesilent
childkid
selectchoose
easysimple
cleantidy
likeenjoy
reacharrive
platedish
harmdamage
choosepick
guidelead
sadunhappy
errormistake
receiveaccept
hurryrush
fastspeedy
enemyfoe
fightquarrel
latedelay
nicekind
laughgiggle
coolchilly
beautifulpretty
loudnoisy
poorneedy
watchsee
permitallow
catchhold
loveadore
getreceive
presentgift

Vocabulary {Antonyms (Opposite Words)}

Vocabulary

Antonyms (Opposite Words)

An antonym is a word that gives opposite meaning of the base word.

WordAntonym
happysad
fullempty
hotcold
sitstand
goodbad
heavylight
highlow
oldyoung
dirtyclean
openclose
newold
hardsoft
tallshort
easydifficult
beautifulugly
wisefoolish
herethere
leftright
longshort
fatslim
alivedead
lightdark

Punctuation

Punctuation

To write correctly and effectively is called punctuation.

Look at these marks: ABC           .              ?                 ,

These are some of the punctuation marks. These marks are used in sentences.

  • A sentence always begins with a capital letter and we put a full stop (.) at the end of it.

    Examples:
    I am Aaryan.
    I am six years old.

  • When we ask something, we use question mark (?) at the end of the sentence.

    Examples:
    How old are you?
    Do you like to play chess?

  • When we want to separate items in a list, we use comma(,) in the sentence.

    Examples:
    I ate bread, butter and eggs.
    Noodles, pizzas and burgers are junk food

Sentences

Sentences

  • A sentence is a group of words that makes complete sense.
  • A sentence always begins with a capital letter.
  • We use a full stop(.) or a question mark (?) at the end of each sentence.

Articles ( A and An)

A and An

'A' or 'An' is used for one.

A

'a' is used before words beginning with consonant sound.

An

'an' is used before words beginning with a vowel sound.

Look and read aloud

  • an ox
  • an apple
  • a boy
  • an umbrella
  • a pen
  • an onion
  • an igloo
  • a book
  • an elephant

Conjunctions (Joining Words)

Conjunctions (Joining Words)

We use conjunctions to join words and sentences.

Examples :
Reeta is my friend. + Priya is my friend. = Reeta and Priya are my friends.
My friend likes pizza. + I like burger. = My friend likes pizza but I like burger.

At a glance:

  • Different joining words are used for different purposes.
  • And is used to join same things.
  • But is used to join different things.

And and but are conjunctions.

Prepositions

Prepositions

A preposition is a word in a sentence that tells us about position of a noun or pronoun.

Examples :
Hold the ball in your hand.
Put the ball on your desk.
Put the ball under the desk.
Hold the ball above your head.
Put the ball behind the desk.
Keep the ball in front of the desk.

Your friend changed the place of the ball each time you told him to do an action.

Preposition words are also called position words.

Has and Have

Has

We use has with he, she, it and naming words that mean one.

Have

We use have with I, we, you, they and naming words that mean more than one.

Examples :
She has a pen.
We have a trophy

Has and have show possession.

Was and Were

The verbs was and were are also forms of the verb be.

Was

Was is the simple past tense of am and is. We use was with the pronouns I, he, she, it and with singular nouns.

Read these sentences :

  • Suraj was in the park this morning.
  • It was very wet on Monday.
  • Ten years ago, he was only a baby.
  • She was not well yesterday.
  • Jaya was first in the race.

Were

Were is the simple past tense of are. We use were with the pronouns you, we, they and with plural nouns.

Read these sentences :

  • The Romans were brave soldiers.
  • They were third in the wheelbarrow race.
  • There were no clouds in the sky.
  • Were you still in bed when I phoned?
  • We were in the same school team.

Is, Am and Are

Am

Some words are not doing words. They are words which say what somebody or something is.

We use am when we talk of ourselves. We use am only with I.

Example :
I am a cow.
I am an animal.
I am eating grass.

Example :
I am Arshi.
I am ten years old.
I am tall.

Is and Are

We use is when we talk about one naming word.

We use are when we talk about a naming word that means more than one. We also use are with you.

Verbs (Action Words)

Verbs (Action Words)

Words that tell us what the naming words do are called doing words. They are also called verbs or action words.

Examples:
A dog barks.
The sun shines.
The birds fly.
Ducks swim.
The bold words show what the naming or placing words do.

Naming words and placing words (pronouns) are the doer of the action.

Adjectives (Describing Nouns and Pronouns)

Adjectives (Describing Nouns and Pronouns)

Words that tell us more about naming words are called describing words or adjectives.

Examples :
red pen
four candles
slim girl
huge tree

The describing words answer the question ' what kind of ..... colours, numbers, shape and size of noun or pronoun.'

  1. blue sky (colour)
  2. ten fingers (numbers)
  3. round ball (shape)
  4. tall tree (size)

Pronouns

Pronouns (Replacing Nouns)

Pronouns are the words we use in place of naming words (nouns).

Example :
Arif is a boy.
He likes drawing.
He has a dog.

Example :
Tina is a girl.
She plays football.
She is the captain.

Friday, January 27, 2023

Nouns (Masculine and Feminine)

Masculine

Masculine genders stand for boys, men, male animals and birds.

father, lion, king

Feminine

Feminine genders stand for girls, women, female animals and birds.

mother, lioness, queen

Nouns (Countable and Uncountable)

Countable Noun

A noun is countable if it can be counted like one bird, three birds. Countable Noun can be both singular and plural.

Some Nouns can be counted. We can tell their number. They are called Countable Nouns.

Example : My school bag has four books.

Uncountable Noun

A noun is uncountable if it cannot be counted like a little sugar, more sugar. Uncountable Nouns cannot be made plural.

Some nouns cannot be counted. We cannot tell their number. They are called Uncountable Nouns.

Example : The children are playing with sand.

Nouns (Singular and Plural)

Singular and Plural

Singular means one.

Plural means more than one.

Persons, animals, things and places are singular and plural

SingularPlural
CupCups
BoyBoys

Nouns (Naming Words)

Nouns

Nouns are naming words. All the words that tell us the name of persons, animals, places, birds or things are called nouns.

Vowels and Consonants

Vowels

Five out of the 26 letters in the alphabet are vowels.

a e i o u

Consonants

Remaining 21 letters from the alphabet are consonants.

b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x y z

We cannot write the words without using vowels (a,e,i,o,u)

English Alphabet

Letter

A letter is a sign representing a sound used in speech.

Example : A or B or C or D or ......Z

Alphabet

All the letters from A to Z is called Alphabet.

Example : A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
or
(A to Z)

Alphabetical Order

A set of letters used in a fixed order, when writing a language, is said to be in Alphabetical order.

English letters in Alphabetical Order

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Vocabulary (Similes)

Similes Similes are the expressions used to compare an ordinary thing with the thing with special features. Examples : He is as slow as...